Understanding Organizational Structure
Understanding Organizational Structure - In general, every company or organization has an organizational structure.
The formation of an organizational structure is the first step to carry out organizational activities or a company's plan to carry out the functions of planning, organizing, directing and controlling.
Understanding the organizational structure in general is an arrangement of various components or work units within the organization in the community or company.
Here are some definitions of organizational structure according to experts:
Okunlola (2017 on Factors affecting women participation in development projects)
According to Hasibuan, the understanding of organizational structure is a description that explains the type of organization, the department of organizational position, the type of authority of officials, midwives and job relations, the command line, responsibilities, range of control and the organizational leadership system.
Robbins and Coulter (2007: 284)
According to Robbins and Coulter, the notion of organizational structure is the formal framework of an organization within which the work tasks are divided, grouped and coordinated.
Reksohadiprodjo and Handoko (1992: 74)
According to Reksohadiprodjo and Handoko, the understanding of organizational structure is a framework that shows all activities to achieve organizational goals, relationships between functions, authority and also responsibilities.
Based on the understanding of the organizational structure above, it can be concluded that the organizational structure is a picture of the framework or arrangement of relationships between functions, sections or positions and also shows the organizational hierarchy or structure as a forum for exercising authority, responsibility and reporting systems to superiors.
In the end, the organizational structure will provide stability and continuity that can enable the organization to keep running even though the people in it come and go.
This Organizational Structure can help avoid or reduce confusion in carrying out tasks.
Organizational Structure Function
Here are some functions of the organizational structure, namely:
1. Clarity of responsibilities
Within a company or organization, each member must be responsible for what is done.
With the organizational structure can provide a clear picture of accountability to superiors who have given authority because the implementation of that authority must be held accountable.
This is the importance of the function of the organizational structure to clarify the responsibilities of all members of the organization.
2. Clarity of position
With the organizational structure it will make it clear that someone's position so that it can make it easier to coordinate or relationships because there is a connection between the completion of functions delegated to someone.
3. Clarity of the relationship path
the clarity of this relationship path can facilitate each employee in carrying out his work and responsibilities because the relationship path is already drawn in the structure so that it can be easier to complete work.
Of course this can make the process of completing work more effective and mutually beneficial.
4. Clarity of job description
The last function of the organizational structure is the clarity of job descriptions because this structure can help if superiors or leaders can supervise and control.
With this clarity of job description will also make subordinates more focused on tasks and jobs because there are clear job descriptions.
Type of Organizational Structure
According to Stoner (1996: 300), organizational structure can be divided into 3 forms:
a. Organizational Structure Based on Function
Combine all people involved in an activity or several related activities into one part.
For example an organization is divided
based on function if it has separate production, marketing and sales departments.
This organizational structure has the following advantages:
Suitable for stable environments.
Support the development of expertise.
Provide opportunities for specialists.
Only requires minimal coordination.
It only requires small interpersonal needs.